The normal double-layered sheath around each testicle contains just enough fluid for good lubrication. Sometimes, however, an excessive amount may be produced, forming what is known as a hydrocele - a soft, usually painless swelling around the testicle, which feels similar to that of a water-filled balloon. Although usually painless, there may be some discomfort due to the increase in size of the scrotum.
Hydroceles are occasionally congenital or caused by inflammation or injury but there is usually no obvious cause. They are harmless and quite common, especially in elderly men.

Hydroceles are also common in the newborn infant, where they occur as a result of peritoneal fluid draining from the abdomen into the scrotum, where it becomes trapped, causing enlargement of the scrotum. Occasionally, hydroceles may be associated with an inguinal hernia. Although their appearance may worry new parents, hydroceles normally resolve a few months after birth.

Treatment:

Your doctor may shine a bright light through the enlarged portion of the scrotum, which in this case would indicate the presence of clear fluid. Ultrasound may also be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment is rarely necessary, but if the hydrocele becomes very large or painful, presenting a threat to the testicular blood supply, the fluid can be drawn off with a needle. This minor operation can be performed in a few minutes under a local anaesthetic.

Unfortunately, the problem does tends to recur, making surgery a viable option. Hydrocelectomy is the surgical procedure often used to correct hydroceles. It is also a minor surgical procedure, performed on an outpatient basis using general or spinal anaesthesia. You will be advised to wear scrotal support for some time after the operation, and the use of ice packs will help to reduce the swelling.

 

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